St. Louis encephalitis (SLE)

Definition

St. Louis encephalitis (SLE) is a viral disease that causes inflammation of the brain and is transmitted by mosquitoes. It predominantly affects individuals in North America, particularly in the United States.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. SLE is caused by the St. Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV), a member of the Flavivirus genus.
2. The primary vectors for SLEV transmission are Culex mosquitoes.
3. Symptoms of SLE can range from mild flu-like illness to severe neurological conditions, including encephalitis, coma, or death.
4. There is no specific antiviral treatment for SLE; management focuses on supportive care to relieve symptoms.
5. Older adults and those with weakened immune systems are at higher risk for severe complications from SLE.

Review Questions

• What type of virus causes St. Louis encephalitis?
• Which mosquito species are primary vectors for transmitting St. Louis encephalitis?
• What are the common symptoms and potential complications of St. Louis encephalitis?

Related terms

West Nile Virus: A flavivirus transmitted by mosquitoes that can cause similar neurological diseases as SLE.

Japanese Encephalitis: A viral infection spread by mosquitoes in Asia that also causes brain inflammation.

Dengue Fever: A mosquito-borne tropical disease caused by the dengue virus, another member of the Flavivirus genus.