SCID

Definition

SCID (Severe Combined Immunodeficiency) is a primary immunodeficiency disorder characterized by the disturbed development of functional T cells and B cells. It results in severe, life-threatening infections due to an extremely compromised immune system.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. SCID is often caused by mutations in genes critical for lymphocyte development.
2. Patients with SCID are highly susceptible to viral, bacterial, fungal, and protozoal infections.
3. Gene therapy has shown promise as a treatment for certain types of SCID by correcting the underlying genetic defect.
4. Newborn screening programs can detect SCID early through a blood test measuring T-cell receptor excision circles (TRECs).
5. Bone marrow transplantation is a common treatment option that can provide long-term immune function in SCID patients.

Review Questions

• What are the main types of infections that patients with SCID are vulnerable to?
• How does gene therapy work as a potential treatment for SCID?
• Why is early detection of SCID crucial for patient outcomes?

Related terms

Gene Therapy: A technique that uses genes to treat or prevent disease by inserting, altering, or removing genetic material.

Immunodeficiency: A state where the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent.

Bone Marrow Transplantation: A medical procedure used to replace damaged or destroyed bone marrow with healthy bone marrow stem cells.