Rusts

Definition

Rusts are a group of fungal pathogens that primarily affect plants, causing disease and significant agricultural damage. They belong to the phylum Basidiomycota and are known for their complex life cycles involving multiple hosts.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Rust fungi can produce up to five different types of spores during their life cycle.
2. They often require two unrelated host plants to complete their life cycle, a phenomenon known as heteroecism.
3. Rust infections typically manifest as reddish or brownish spots on the leaves and stems of the host plant.
4. The control of rust diseases in crops often involves the use of fungicides and resistant plant varieties.
5. Puccinia graminis is one of the most well-known rust fungi, responsible for wheat stem rust.

Review Questions

• What is heteroecism, and how does it relate to rust fungi?
• Name at least two methods used to control rust diseases in agriculture.
• What are some visual symptoms of a plant infected with rust fungi?

Related terms

Basidiomycota: A phylum of fungi characterized by producing spores on basidia.

Mycelium: The vegetative part of a fungus consisting of a network of fine white filaments (hyphae).

Fungicide: A chemical substance used to kill or inhibit the growth of fungi.