Ritonavir

Definition

Ritonavir is an antiretroviral drug used to treat and prevent HIV/AIDS. It acts as a protease inhibitor, disrupting the replication of the virus.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Ritonavir inhibits the HIV-1 and HIV-2 proteases, which are essential for viral replication.
2. It is often used in combination with other antiretroviral drugs to enhance their effectiveness.
3. Ritonavir can inhibit cytochrome P450 enzymes, leading to increased levels of co-administered drugs.
4. The drug is known for its role in boosting the pharmacokinetic profiles of other protease inhibitors.
5. Adverse effects can include gastrointestinal issues, liver enzyme abnormalities, and lipid metabolism disturbances.

Review Questions

• What mechanism does ritonavir use to inhibit HIV replication?
• How does ritonavir affect the pharmacokinetics of other antiretroviral drugs?
• What are some common adverse effects associated with ritonavir?

Related terms

Protease Inhibitor: A class of antiviral drugs that prevent viral replication by inhibiting the activity of proteases.

Cytochrome P450 Enzymes: A group of enzymes involved in drug metabolism and bioactivation.

Antiretroviral Therapy (ART): Treatment using medications that work against retroviruses such as HIV.