Radiation therapy

Definition

Radiation therapy is a medical treatment that uses high doses of radiation to kill or shrink cancer cells by damaging their DNA. It can also impact normal cells, including those of the immune system, potentially leading to immunodeficiency.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Radiation therapy targets rapidly dividing cells, which includes both cancerous and some healthy cells.
2. Exposure to radiation therapy can lead to a decrease in white blood cells, contributing to immunodeficiency.
3. Patients undergoing radiation therapy are at an increased risk for infections due to compromised immune function.
4. Radiation-induced immunodeficiency may be temporary or permanent depending on the dosage and duration of treatment.
5. Protective measures, such as antibiotics or growth factors, are often used to mitigate the immunosuppressive effects of radiation therapy.

Review Questions

• How does radiation therapy contribute to immunodeficiency?
• What types of cells are most affected by radiation therapy?
• What are some protective measures taken during radiation therapy to minimize its impact on the immune system?

Related terms

Chemotherapy: A cancer treatment that uses drugs to kill rapidly dividing cells.

Immunosuppression: Reduction in the efficiency of the immune system's ability to fight infections and diseases.

Bone Marrow Suppression: A decrease in bone marrow activity resulting in fewer red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.