Polyketides

Definition

Polyketides are a diverse class of naturally occurring organic compounds produced by various microorganisms. They have significant pharmacological properties, including antibiotic and anticancer activities.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Polyketides are synthesized by polyketide synthases (PKSs), which are large multi-enzyme complexes.
2. Many antibiotics, such as erythromycin and tetracycline, are derived from polyketides.
3. Polyketides exhibit a wide range of biological activities due to their structural diversity.
4. The biosynthesis of polyketides involves the sequential addition of acetate or propionate units.
5. Polyketide drugs often target bacterial ribosomes to inhibit protein synthesis.

Review Questions

• What enzymes are responsible for the synthesis of polyketides?
• Name two antibiotics that are derived from polyketides.
• How do polyketide drugs typically exert their antibacterial effects?

Related terms

Antibiotics: Substances that kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria.

Polyketide Synthases (PKSs): Enzyme complexes responsible for the biosynthesis of polyketides.

Biosynthesis: The process by which living organisms produce complex compounds from simple precursors.