Pertussis

Definition

Pertussis, also known as whooping cough, is a highly contagious respiratory disease caused by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis. It is characterized by severe coughing fits that can last for weeks.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Bordetella pertussis is a Gram-negative coccobacillus belonging to the class Betaproteobacteria.
2. Pertussis toxin (PT) is a major virulence factor that disrupts immune signaling pathways.
3. The disease primarily spreads via respiratory droplets from coughing or sneezing.
4. Infants and unvaccinated individuals are at higher risk of severe complications from pertussis.
5. Vaccination with DTaP (Diphtheria, Tetanus, acellular Pertussis) is the primary preventive measure against pertussis.

Review Questions

• What bacterium causes pertussis and to which class does it belong?
• Name the major virulence factor of Bordetella pertussis and its effect on the host immune system.
• Why are infants at higher risk for severe complications from pertussis?

Related terms

Bordetella bronchiseptica: A closely related species that primarily infects animals but can occasionally infect humans.

DTaP Vaccine: A vaccine that protects against diphtheria, tetanus, and acellular pertussis.

Catarrhal Stage: The initial stage of pertussis characterized by mild respiratory symptoms similar to a common cold.