Nucleic acid amplification tests (NAAT)

Definition

Nucleic acid amplification tests (NAAT) are diagnostic tools used to detect and amplify the genetic material of pathogens, such as viruses, in a sample. They are highly sensitive and specific methods commonly employed in virology to identify viral infections.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. NAATs can detect very low levels of viral genetic material, making them highly sensitive.
2. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a common type of NAAT used in microbiology.
3. NAATs are often used to diagnose infections caused by acellular pathogens like viruses.
4. These tests can provide rapid results compared to traditional culture methods.
5. Proper sample collection and handling are crucial for the accuracy of NAAT results.

Review Questions

• Why are NAATs considered highly sensitive for detecting viral infections?
• What is a common type of NAAT used in diagnosing viral infections?
• How do NAATs compare with traditional culture methods in terms of speed?

Related terms

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR): A type of NAAT used to amplify DNA sequences for detection.

Reverse Transcription PCR (RT-PCR): A variant of PCR that converts RNA into DNA before amplification.

Viral Load: The quantity of virus present in a sample, often measured using NAATs.