Noroviruses

Definition

Noroviruses are highly contagious viruses that cause acute gastroenteritis, leading to inflammation of the stomach and intestines. They are a leading cause of foodborne illness globally.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Noroviruses are responsible for approximately 50% of all gastroenteritis outbreaks worldwide.
2. Symptoms typically include severe vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and nausea, usually lasting 24-72 hours.
3. Transmission primarily occurs through the fecal-oral route, contaminated food or water, and person-to-person contact.
4. Norovirus particles can remain infectious on surfaces for days to weeks, making sanitation critical in outbreak control.
5. There is no specific antiviral treatment for norovirus; management focuses on hydration and supportive care.

Review Questions

• What is the primary mode of transmission for noroviruses?
• How long do symptoms of norovirus infection typically last?
• What measures are most effective in controlling the spread of noroviruses?

Related terms

Gastroenteritis: Inflammation of the stomach and intestines causing symptoms like vomiting and diarrhea.

Fecal-Oral Route: A common pathway for transmitting infections where pathogens in fecal particles pass from one host to another via ingestion.

Foodborne Illness: Infections or intoxications caused by consuming contaminated food or beverages.