Neurocysticercosis

Definition

Neurocysticercosis is a parasitic infection of the central nervous system caused by the larval stage of the pork tapeworm, Taenia solium. It is a leading cause of acquired epilepsy in endemic regions.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Neurocysticercosis is transmitted through ingestion of T. solium eggs, often via contaminated food or water.
2. Symptoms can include seizures, headaches, and neurological deficits depending on the location and number of cysts in the brain.
3. Diagnosis typically involves neuroimaging techniques such as MRI or CT scans, alongside serological tests for antibodies against T. solium.
4. Treatment may involve antiparasitic medications like albendazole or praziquantel, corticosteroids to reduce inflammation, and sometimes surgical intervention to remove cysts.
5. Preventive measures include proper sanitation, thorough cooking of pork, and effective control of pig farming practices.

Review Questions

• What pathogen causes neurocysticercosis?
• Describe two primary symptoms associated with neurocysticercosis.
• What are common diagnostic methods used to confirm neurocysticercosis?

Related terms

Taenia solium: A parasitic tapeworm that causes taeniasis in humans and cysticercosis when its larvae infect tissues.

Albendazole: An antiparasitic medication commonly used to treat infections caused by worms including neurocysticercosis.

Cysticercus: The larval stage of T. solium which forms cysts in host tissues including the brain.