Monobactams

Definition

Monobactams are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics characterized by a monocyclic beta-lactam ring. They are effective primarily against aerobic Gram-negative bacteria.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Monobactams, such as aztreonam, are resistant to many beta-lactamases produced by Gram-negative bacteria.
2. They inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs).
3. Monobactams have a narrow spectrum of activity, mainly targeting Gram-negative aerobes like Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
4. These drugs are often used in patients with penicillin allergies due to their unique structure and low cross-reactivity.
5. Resistance to monobactams can arise from mutations in PBPs or the production of metallo-beta-lactamases.

Review Questions

• What type of bacteria are monobactams primarily effective against?
• How do monobactams inhibit bacterial growth?
• Why might monobactams be prescribed for patients with penicillin allergies?

Related terms

Beta-Lactam Antibiotics: A class of antibiotics that include penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems, and monobactams.

Aztreonam: The only commercially available monobactam antibiotic used to treat infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria.

Penicillin-Binding Proteins (PBPs): Proteins that bind to beta-lactam antibiotics and are involved in the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall.