Lipoteichoic acids

Definition

Lipoteichoic acids are teichoic acids linked to a lipid and found in the cell walls of Gram-positive bacteria. They play a role in bacterial adhesion and immune system evasion.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Lipoteichoic acids contribute to the pathogenicity of Gram-positive bacteria in oral infections such as dental caries and periodontal disease.
2. They are anchored in the bacterial cell membrane through a lipid moiety.
3. Lipoteichoic acids can trigger an inflammatory response by interacting with host immune cells.
4. They help bacteria adhere to host tissues, which is crucial for colonization and infection in the mouth.
5. Enzymes that degrade lipoteichoic acids can reduce the virulence of certain Gram-positive pathogens.

Review Questions

• What role do lipoteichoic acids play in the pathogenicity of oral Gram-positive bacteria?
• How do lipoteichoic acids interact with the host's immune system?
• Why is bacterial adhesion important for infections in the oral cavity?

Related terms

Teichoic Acids: Polymers found in the cell walls of Gram-positive bacteria, consisting of glycerol or ribitol phosphate.

Peptidoglycan: A polymer that forms a protective structural layer outside the plasma membrane of most bacteria.

Dental Caries: Tooth decay caused by bacterial activity leading to demineralization of tooth enamel.