Klebsiella pneumoniae

Definition

Klebsiella pneumoniae is a Gram-negative, encapsulated bacterium that can cause severe infections, particularly in the lungs and urinary tract. It is known for its resistance to multiple antibiotics, making infections difficult to treat.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Klebsiella pneumoniae is a common cause of hospital-acquired infections including pneumonia and urinary tract infections.
2. This bacterium has a thick polysaccharide capsule that enhances its virulence by protecting it from the host's immune system.
3. It produces extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) which confer resistance to many beta-lactam antibiotics.
4. Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) strains are particularly concerning due to their high levels of antibiotic resistance.
5. Laboratory testing for Klebsiella pneumoniae often involves culture methods and antimicrobial susceptibility testing to determine effective treatment options.

Review Questions

• What are the primary types of infections caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae?
• How does the polysaccharide capsule contribute to the virulence of Klebsiella pneumoniae?
• Why are carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) strains considered highly problematic in clinical settings?

Related terms

Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs): Enzymes produced by some bacteria that confer resistance to most beta-lactam antibiotics.

Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE): A family of bacteria that are resistant to carbapenems, which are last-resort antibiotics.

Hospital-acquired infection (HAI): Infections patients acquire during the course of receiving healthcare treatment for other conditions.