Kanamycin

Definition

Kanamycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic that inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit. It is commonly used to treat infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Kanamycin binds irreversibly to the 30S subunit of bacterial ribosomes.
2. It is effective against a wide range of Gram-negative bacteria, including E. coli and Klebsiella species.
3. Kanamycin can be inactivated by bacterial enzymes known as aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes.
4. It is often administered intravenously or intramuscularly due to poor oral absorption.
5. Overuse or misuse of kanamycin can lead to ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity.

Review Questions

• What bacterial structure does kanamycin target?
• Name two types of bacteria that kanamycin is effective against.
• What are two potential side effects of kanamycin?

Related terms

Aminoglycosides: A class of antibiotics that inhibit bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the ribosomal RNA.

Ototoxicity: Damage to the ear (cochlea or auditory nerve) caused by exposure to certain medications or chemicals.

Nephrotoxicity: Toxicity in the kidneys, often induced by drugs or toxins, leading to impaired kidney function.