Japanese encephalitis virus

Definition

Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is a flavivirus transmitted by mosquitoes, primarily Culex species. It is the leading cause of vaccine-preventable encephalitis in Asia and the Western Pacific.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. JEV is primarily transmitted through the bite of infected Culex mosquitoes.
2. The primary hosts of JEV are pigs and wading birds, which serve as reservoirs for the virus.
3. Symptoms of Japanese encephalitis can range from mild fever to severe neurological illness, including encephalitis.
4. Vaccination is the most effective method for preventing Japanese encephalitis, with several vaccines available such as SA14-14-2 and IXIARO.
5. Adaptive immune responses, including both humoral and cell-mediated immunity, play a crucial role in controlling JEV infection.

Review Questions

• What are the primary transmission vectors for Japanese encephalitis virus?
• Which animals act as reservoirs for the Japanese encephalitis virus?
• What are some key features of the adaptive immune response to JEV?

Related terms

Flavivirus: A genus of viruses that includes JEV, West Nile virus, and dengue virus.

Encephalitis: An inflammation of the brain often caused by viral infections like JEV.

Humoral Immunity: A component of adaptive immunity involving antibody production by B cells.