High-energy phosphate bond

Definition

A high-energy phosphate bond is a type of chemical bond found in molecules like ATP (adenosine triphosphate) that stores and releases a significant amount of energy during hydrolysis. These bonds are crucial for various biological processes, including muscle contraction and cellular metabolism.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. High-energy phosphate bonds are primarily found in ATP, ADP, and creatine phosphate.
2. The hydrolysis of these bonds releases energy that cells use for metabolic activities.
3. ATP contains three high-energy phosphate groups, making it a primary energy carrier in cells.
4. Enzymes called kinases catalyze the transfer of high-energy phosphate groups to other molecules.
5. The energy released from ATP hydrolysis drives endergonic reactions, which require an input of energy.

Review Questions

• What role do high-energy phosphate bonds play in cellular metabolism?
• Which types of molecules typically contain high-energy phosphate bonds?
• How does the hydrolysis of ATP release energy?

Related terms

ATP: Adenosine triphosphate, the main energy carrier in cells.

ADP: Adenosine diphosphate, formed from the dephosphorylation of ATP.

Kinase: An enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of phosphate groups to specific substrates.