Hepatitis C

Definition

Hepatitis C is a liver infection caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV). It can lead to both acute and chronic hepatitis, ranging in severity from a mild illness to a serious, lifelong condition.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. HCV is primarily transmitted through exposure to infectious blood, often via intravenous drug use or transfusions.
2. Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) are the most effective treatment for HCV, targeting specific steps in the viral life cycle.
3. The immune response to HCV involves both cellular immunity and the production of antibodies against the virus.
4. Chronic Hepatitis C can lead to severe liver damage such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma if left untreated.
5. Diagnosis of HCV includes serological tests for antibodies and molecular tests for viral RNA.

Review Questions

• What are the primary modes of transmission for Hepatitis C?
• How do direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) function in treating Hepatitis C?
• Why is it important to diagnose and treat chronic Hepatitis C early?

Related terms

Direct-Acting Antivirals (DAAs): Medications that target specific steps in the HCV life cycle.

Serological Tests: Laboratory tests used to detect antibodies in blood serum.

Polyclonal Antibodies: Antibodies produced by different B cell lineages that target multiple epitopes on an antigen.