Halobacterium

Definition

Halobacterium is a genus of halophilic Archaea that thrive in environments with high salt concentrations. They are known for their distinctive red or pink pigmentation due to the presence of bacteriorhodopsin.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Halobacterium species can survive in extremely salty environments, often exceeding 20% NaCl concentration.
2. These organisms use light-driven proton pumps like bacteriorhodopsin to generate ATP.
3. They are obligate aerobes, requiring oxygen for growth despite their extreme habitat.
4. Halobacterium can be found in places such as salt flats, saline lakes, and salted foods.
5. Their unique cell membrane adaptations include high intracellular potassium levels to balance the osmotic pressure.

Review Questions

• What environmental conditions are necessary for Halobacterium to thrive?
• How do Halobacterium generate energy in high-salt environments?
• Where might you typically find Halobacterium in nature?

Related terms

Bacteriorhodopsin: A protein used by Halobacterium to harvest light energy and pump protons across the membrane.

Halophile: An organism that thrives in high-salt environments.

Archaea: A domain of single-celled microorganisms distinct from bacteria and eukaryotes, often found in extreme environments.