Gastritis

Definition

Gastritis is the inflammation of the stomach lining, commonly caused by infections, particularly with Helicobacter pylori. It can lead to symptoms such as abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Gastritis is often associated with infection by Helicobacter pylori, a bacterium that colonizes the stomach lining.
2. Chronic gastritis can increase the risk of developing peptic ulcers and gastric cancer.
3. Non-infectious causes of gastritis include prolonged use of NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) and excessive alcohol consumption.
4. The diagnosis of gastritis may involve endoscopy, biopsy, and tests for H. pylori infection such as urea breath tests or stool antigen tests.
5. Treatment typically includes antibiotics for bacterial infections along with proton pump inhibitors or antacids to reduce stomach acid.

Review Questions

• What bacterium is most commonly associated with causing gastritis?
• Name two non-infectious causes of gastritis.
• What are common diagnostic methods for detecting an H. pylori infection in patients suspected of having gastritis?

Related terms

Helicobacter pylori: A spiral-shaped bacterium that infects the stomach lining and is a major cause of gastritis.

Peptic Ulcer: A sore that develops on the lining of the stomach or duodenum due to erosion caused by stomach acid.

NSAIDs: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs that can cause irritation and inflammation of the stomach lining when used excessively.