Gamma irradiation

Definition

Gamma irradiation is a process that uses high-energy gamma rays to kill or inactivate microorganisms. It is often used for sterilization and decontamination in various fields, including medical equipment and food safety.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Gamma irradiation effectively penetrates deep into materials, making it suitable for sterilizing large packages and dense products.
2. It works by causing ionization of molecules within the microbial cells, leading to DNA damage and cell death.
3. Gamma rays are emitted from radioactive isotopes like Cobalt-60 or Cesium-137 during the irradiation process.
4. The process does not leave any residual radiation in the treated materials, making it safe for consumer use.
5. It is highly effective against bacteria, viruses, fungi, and spores, providing a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity.

Review Questions

• What type of radiation is used in gamma irradiation?
• How does gamma irradiation cause microbial cell death?
• Why is gamma irradiation considered safe for treating consumer products?

Related terms

Ultraviolet (UV) Radiation: A type of electromagnetic radiation used to disinfect air, water, and surfaces.

Ionizing Radiation: Radiation with enough energy to remove tightly bound electrons from atoms, creating ions.

Sterilization: A process aimed at destroying all forms of microbial life on an object or surface.