Filovirus

Definition

Filovirus is a genus of viruses that includes Ebola and Marburg viruses, which cause severe hemorrhagic fevers in humans and nonhuman primates. They are filamentous, enveloped viruses with a single-stranded RNA genome.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Filoviruses can cause severe hemorrhagic fever with high mortality rates, sometimes exceeding 90%.
2. Transmission occurs through direct contact with bodily fluids of infected individuals or contaminated objects.
3. The incubation period for filoviruses ranges from 2 to 21 days.
4. Symptoms include fever, muscle pain, bleeding, and organ failure.
5. There are currently no specific antiviral treatments approved for filovirus infections; supportive care is critical.

Review Questions

• What are the primary symptoms associated with filovirus infections?
• How are filoviruses transmitted between hosts?
• What is the typical incubation period for a filovirus infection?

Related terms

Ebola virus: A virus within the Filoviridae family that causes Ebola virus disease (EVD), known for its high fatality rate.

Marburg virus: A member of the Filoviridae family causing Marburg virus disease (MVD), characterized by severe hemorrhagic fever.

Hemorrhagic fever: A group of illnesses caused by several distinct families of viruses, leading to vascular damage and bleeding disorders.