F’ plasmid

Definition

An F’ (F prime) plasmid is a type of plasmid in bacteria that carries extra genes in addition to the fertility factor (F factor). These extra genes can be transferred between bacteria, facilitating genetic diversity.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The F’ plasmid is derived from the F plasmid but contains additional chromosomal DNA from the host bacterium.
2. It plays a key role in bacterial conjugation, allowing for the horizontal transfer of genetic material.
3. The presence of an F’ plasmid allows a bacterium to act as a donor cell during conjugation.
4. F’ plasmids can carry antibiotic resistance genes, enhancing bacterial adaptability and survival.
5. They contribute to genetic recombination and variation, essential for evolution and adaptation in prokaryotes.

Review Questions

• What additional elements do F’ plasmids carry compared to regular F plasmids?
• How does the presence of an F’ plasmid affect bacterial conjugation?
• Why are F’ plasmids significant in the context of antibiotic resistance?

Related terms

Conjugation: A process by which one bacterium transfers genetic material to another through direct contact.

Horizontal Gene Transfer: The movement of genetic material between organisms other than through vertical transmission (from parent to offspring).

Antibiotic Resistance Genes: Genes that provide bacteria with the ability to survive exposure to antibiotics.