Epigenetic regulation

Definition

Epigenetic regulation involves changes in gene expression without altering the DNA sequence itself. These modifications can affect how genes are turned on or off and are often reversible.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Epigenetic regulation includes mechanisms like DNA methylation and histone modification.
2. It plays a critical role in microbial adaptation to environmental changes.
3. Epigenetic changes can be inherited through cell division, affecting progeny cells.
4. In bacteria, epigenetic regulation can influence virulence and antibiotic resistance.
5. Operons in bacteria may be subject to epigenetic regulation, impacting gene clusters simultaneously.

Review Questions

• What are the primary mechanisms involved in epigenetic regulation?
• How does epigenetic regulation contribute to microbial adaptation?
• Can epigenetic changes be inherited? If so, how?

Related terms

DNA Methylation: Addition of methyl groups to DNA molecules often silencing genes.

Histone Modification: Chemical changes to histone proteins that can influence chromatin structure and gene expression.

Operon: A cluster of genes under the control of a single promoter, transcribed together in prokaryotes.