Enamel

Definition

Enamel is the hard, outermost layer of a tooth that protects it from physical and chemical damage. It is the hardest substance in the human body and primarily composed of hydroxyapatite, a crystalline calcium phosphate.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Enamel does not contain living cells, which means it cannot repair itself once damaged.
2. The primary function of enamel is to protect the inner layers of teeth from decay and wear.
3. Enamel erosion can be caused by acidic foods, beverages, and microbial activity in the mouth.
4. Fluoride helps to strengthen enamel and prevent decay by promoting remineralization.
5. Bacterial plaque buildup on enamel can lead to cavities if not properly removed through oral hygiene.

Review Questions

• What is enamel primarily composed of?
• Why can't enamel repair itself once damaged?
• How does fluoride contribute to the health of enamel?

Related terms

Dentin: The layer beneath the enamel composed of living cells and capable of transmitting sensations.

Plaque: A sticky film of bacteria that forms on teeth and can lead to dental problems like cavities.

Caries: Also known as cavities; these are areas of tooth decay caused by bacterial activity.