Dynein

Definition

Dynein is a motor protein complex that moves along microtubules in cells, converting chemical energy from ATP into mechanical work. It is essential for various cellular processes including vesicle transport and cilia/flagella movement.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Dynein moves towards the minus end of microtubules, typically toward the cell center.
2. It plays a crucial role in the positioning of organelles within the cell.
3. Dynein is involved in mitosis, particularly in the separation of chromosomes during cell division.
4. It functions as part of larger complexes known as dynein-dynactin complexes.
5. Mutations or dysfunctions in dynein can result in neurodegenerative diseases and other cellular transport disorders.

Review Questions

• What direction does dynein move along microtubules?
• How does dynein contribute to the process of mitosis?
• What are potential consequences of dynein dysfunction?

Related terms

Kinesin: A motor protein that moves along microtubules towards the plus end.

Microtubule: A component of the cytoskeleton made up of tubulin proteins, providing structural support and pathways for motor proteins.

ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate): The primary energy carrier in cells, used by motor proteins like dynein for movement.