DsDNA

Definition

Double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) consists of two complementary strands that form the double helix structure of DNA. It is the genetic material for many organisms, including some viruses.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. dsDNA has two antiparallel strands held together by hydrogen bonds between complementary base pairs (adenine-thymine and cytosine-guanine).
2. Many viruses use dsDNA as their genetic material, including bacteriophages and herpesviruses.
3. In the viral life cycle, dsDNA can be either linear or circular depending on the virus type.
4. The replication of dsDNA involves enzymes like DNA polymerase which ensure accurate copying of the genetic material.
5. Mutations in dsDNA can lead to changes in protein function and are a major source of genetic variation.

Review Questions

• What are the base pairing rules for dsDNA?
• How does dsDNA differ structurally between different types of viruses?
• What role does DNA polymerase play in dsDNA replication?

Related terms

Virus: A microorganism that relies on host cells to replicate and can contain either RNA or DNA as its genetic material.

Genome: The complete set of genetic information in an organism or virus.

Replication Fork: The area where the double helix separates during DNA replication to allow for new strand synthesis.