Caries

Definition

Caries are the decay and destruction of tooth enamel caused by bacterial activity, often leading to cavities. They are primarily associated with an imbalance in oral microbiota and dietary sugars.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Caries are predominantly caused by Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus species.
2. The formation of dental plaque is a critical factor in the development of caries.
3. Acid production from bacterial fermentation of carbohydrates demineralizes tooth enamel, leading to caries.
4. Fluoride can help prevent caries by enhancing remineralization of enamel.
5. Dietary habits, oral hygiene practices, and genetic factors all contribute to an individual's susceptibility to caries.

Review Questions

• What are the primary bacterial species involved in the formation of caries?
• How does fluoride help in preventing caries?
• What role does dental plaque play in the development of caries?

Related terms

Streptococcus mutans: A bacterium that plays a significant role in tooth decay.

Dental Plaque: A biofilm or mass of bacteria that grows on surfaces within the mouth.

Fluoride: A mineral that helps strengthen tooth enamel and prevent decay.