Carbapenem resistance

Definition

Carbapenem resistance is the ability of bacteria to withstand the effects of carbapenem antibiotics, which are often used as a last resort for treating severe infections. This resistance can lead to limited treatment options and higher mortality rates.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) are a major concern in healthcare settings due to their high levels of antibiotic resistance.
2. Carbapenem resistance can be mediated by the production of carbapenemase enzymes that break down the antibiotic.
3. Resistance genes can be transferred between bacteria through horizontal gene transfer mechanisms like plasmids.
4. The detection of carbapenem-resistant organisms often requires specialized laboratory tests, such as the Modified Hodge Test or PCR assays.
5. Infections caused by carbapenem-resistant bacteria are associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs.

Review Questions

• What mechanisms do bacteria use to exhibit carbapenem resistance?
• Why are carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) particularly concerning in clinical settings?
• What laboratory methods are used to detect carbapenem resistance?

Related terms

Horizontal Gene Transfer: The process by which bacteria exchange genetic material through mechanisms like conjugation, transformation, or transduction.

Carbapenemase: An enzyme produced by some bacteria that hydrolyzes and inactivates carbapenems.

Modified Hodge Test: A phenotypic test used to detect carbapenemase production in bacteria.