Bisbiguanide

Definition

Bisbiguanide is a class of disinfectants and antiseptics known for their broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, particularly against bacteria. Chlorhexidine is the most commonly used bisbiguanide in medical and dental settings.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Bisbiguanides are effective against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
2. Chlorhexidine, a bisbiguanide, is commonly used in mouthwashes and skin disinfectants.
3. These compounds work by disrupting microbial cell membranes and causing leakage of cellular contents.
4. Bisbiguanides are less effective against spores and mycobacteria compared to other classes of disinfectants.
5. They have a residual effect, meaning they continue to exert antimicrobial activity for some time after application.

Review Questions

• What is the primary mechanism of action for bisbiguanides?
• Why might bisbiguanides be preferred over other disinfectants in certain medical settings?
• Name one example of a bisbiguanide and its common use.

Related terms

Disinfectant: A chemical agent used to destroy or inhibit the growth of harmful microorganisms on inanimate objects.

Antiseptic: A substance that prevents the growth of disease-causing microorganisms on living tissues.

Broad-spectrum antibiotic: An antibiotic effective against a wide range of bacteria, including both Gram-positive and Gram-negative species.