Bacillus

Definition

Bacillus is a genus of Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacteria that are known for their ability to form endospores. They are commonly found in soil and have various applications in biotechnology.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Bacillus species can form durable endospores that allow them to survive harsh conditions.
2. Bacillus subtilis is a model organism for studying gene regulation and microbial genetics.
3. Some Bacillus species, like Bacillus anthracis, are pathogenic and can cause diseases such as anthrax.
4. Bacillus thuringiensis produces toxins used as bioinsecticides in agriculture.
5. The operon model of gene regulation was first described in Bacillus species, providing critical insights into bacterial genetics.

Review Questions

• What characteristic allows Bacillus species to survive extreme environmental conditions?
• Which Bacillus species is commonly used as a model organism in genetic studies?
• What practical applications do Bacillus thuringiensis toxins have?

Related terms

Endospore: A resistant asexual spore that develops inside some bacteria cells, enabling survival under adverse conditions.

Gram-Positive Bacteria: A group of bacteria that have thick cell walls containing peptidoglycan and retain the crystal violet stain used in the Gram staining procedure.

Operon Theory: A model explaining how genes are regulated in prokaryotic cells through operons, which are clusters of genes under the control of a single promoter.