Arboviral encephalitis

Definition

Arboviral encephalitis is an inflammation of the brain caused by arboviruses, which are transmitted by arthropods like mosquitoes and ticks. It can lead to severe neurological symptoms and potentially fatal outcomes.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Arboviral encephalitis is typically transmitted through the bites of infected mosquitoes or ticks.
2. Common viruses causing this condition include West Nile virus, Eastern equine encephalitis virus, and St. Louis encephalitis virus.
3. Symptoms can range from mild flu-like symptoms to severe neurological issues such as seizures, confusion, and paralysis.
4. Diagnosis typically involves detection of viral RNA or antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid or blood.
5. There are no specific antiviral treatments for arboviral encephalitis; management mainly includes supportive care.

Review Questions

• What are the primary vectors for transmitting arboviral encephalitis?
• Name three viruses that can cause arboviral encephalitis.
• How is arboviral encephalitis generally diagnosed?

Related terms

West Nile Virus: A mosquito-borne virus that can cause West Nile fever and neuroinvasive disease such as meningitis or encephalitis.

Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF): A clear fluid found in the brain and spinal cord used for diagnostic testing for infections like encephalitis.

Supportive Care: Medical care given to improve the quality of life of patients with serious illness, addressing symptoms rather than curing the disease.