Antiphagocytic proteins

Definition

Antiphagocytic proteins are molecules produced by certain bacteria that inhibit the process of phagocytosis, allowing them to evade the host's immune system. These proteins are crucial for bacterial survival and virulence within the host.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Antiphagocytic proteins prevent phagocytes from engulfing and destroying bacterial cells.
2. Common antiphagocytic proteins include M protein in Streptococcus pyogenes and Protein A in Staphylococcus aureus.
3. These proteins can be found on the surface of bacteria or secreted into the surrounding environment.
4. Bacteria with antiphagocytic properties can establish persistent infections in the urogenital tract.
5. Antiphagocytic proteins contribute to the pathogenicity of bacteria by enabling them to resist immune defenses.

Review Questions

• What is the main function of antiphagocytic proteins?
• Name two examples of bacteria that produce antiphagocytic proteins.
• How do antiphagocytic proteins contribute to bacterial infections in the urogenital system?

Related terms

Phagocytosis: The process by which phagocytes engulf and digest microorganisms and cellular debris.

Virulence Factor: A molecule produced by a pathogen that contributes to its ability to cause disease.

Immune Evasion: Strategies used by pathogens to avoid detection and destruction by the host's immune system.