Amphotericin B

Definition

Amphotericin B is an antifungal medication primarily used to treat serious fungal infections. It works by binding to ergosterol in fungal cell membranes, causing cell death.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Amphotericin B is often considered a drug of last resort due to its potential for severe side effects.
2. It is effective against a wide range of fungi, including Candida and Aspergillus species.
3. Common side effects include fever, chills, kidney toxicity, and electrolyte imbalances.
4. Administered intravenously for systemic infections and sometimes topically for localized infections.
5. Liposomal formulations have been developed to reduce toxicity while maintaining efficacy.

Review Questions

• What is the primary mechanism of action of Amphotericin B?
• Why is Amphotericin B often reserved as a last-resort treatment?
• What are some common side effects associated with Amphotericin B?

Related terms

Ergosterol: A component of fungal cell membranes targeted by antifungal drugs like Amphotericin B.

Candida: A genus of yeasts that can cause opportunistic infections in humans.

Liposomal Formulation: A delivery method designed to reduce the toxicity of certain medications, including Amphotericin B.