Aminopenicillins

Definition

Aminopenicillins are a class of broad-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotics derived from penicillin. They are effective against both Gram-positive and some Gram-negative bacteria.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Aminopenicillins include drugs such as ampicillin and amoxicillin.
2. They work by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis, leading to cell lysis and death.
3. Aminopenicillins are often used to treat respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, and bacterial meningitis.
4. They are susceptible to degradation by beta-lactamase enzymes produced by resistant bacteria.
5. Combining aminopenicillins with beta-lactamase inhibitors like clavulanic acid can enhance their effectiveness.

Review Questions

• What is the mechanism of action for aminopenicillins?
• Name two common aminopenicillin drugs.
• Why might aminopenicillins be combined with beta-lactamase inhibitors?

Related terms

Beta-Lactam Antibiotics: A class of antibiotics that includes penicillins, cephalosporins, monobactams, and carbapenems.

Beta-Lactamase Inhibitors: Compounds that inhibit beta-lactamase enzymes produced by bacteria to overcome antibiotic resistance.

Gram-Positive Bacteria: Bacteria that have a thick peptidoglycan layer in their cell walls and retain the crystal violet stain in the Gram staining procedure.