Alkaline phosphatase

Definition

Alkaline phosphatase is an enzyme found in various tissues throughout the body, including the liver and bones. It plays a crucial role in breaking down proteins and is often used as a marker in diagnosing liver and bone diseases.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Elevated levels of alkaline phosphatase can indicate liver disease or bone disorders.
2. This enzyme is commonly measured in blood tests to assess liver function and detect possible infections or damage.
3. In the context of gastrointestinal infections, particularly viral ones, high alkaline phosphatase levels may suggest hepatobiliary involvement.
4. Specific isoforms of alkaline phosphatase are found in different tissues; for example, intestinal alkaline phosphatase is relevant in digestive system infections.
5. Viral hepatitis can lead to increased alkaline phosphatase levels due to liver inflammation and damage.

Review Questions

• What might elevated levels of alkaline phosphatase indicate in a patient with gastrointestinal symptoms?
• How is alkaline phosphatase used to diagnose issues related to the liver?
• Why are specific isoforms of alkaline phosphatase significant when studying digestive system infections?

Related terms

Liver Function Tests: A group of blood tests that provide information about the state of a patient's liver.

Hepatitis: Inflammation of the liver often caused by viral infections.

Bilirubin: A yellow compound that occurs in the normal catabolic pathway that breaks down heme in red blood cells.