Adhesin

Definition

Adhesins are specialized proteins expressed by pathogens to attach to host cells. They play a crucial role in the initial stages of infection by binding to specific receptors on the host cell surface.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Adhesins facilitate bacterial colonization of respiratory tissues.
2. They are often located on pili or fimbriae of bacteria.
3. Different adhesins recognize and bind to different host cell receptors.
4. Mutations in adhesin genes can reduce bacterial virulence.
5. Vaccines targeting adhesins can help prevent infections.

Review Questions

• What is the primary function of adhesins in bacterial infections?
• Where are adhesins commonly found on bacterial cells?
• How do mutations in adhesin genes affect bacterial pathogenicity?

Related terms

Pili: Hair-like appendages on bacteria that can contain adhesins for attachment.

Fimbriae: Thin, short projections on bacteria involved in adherence to surfaces.

Virulence Factor: Molecules produced by pathogens that enhance their ability to cause disease.