Actinomycetes

Definition

Actinomycetes are a group of Gram-positive bacteria known for their filamentous growth and soil-dwelling nature. They are notable for producing numerous antibiotics.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Actinomycetes are responsible for the production of over two-thirds of naturally derived antibiotics, including streptomycin and tetracycline.
2. They exhibit filamentous growth similar to fungi, which makes them unique among bacteria.
3. These microorganisms play a critical role in decomposing organic matter in soil, contributing to nutrient cycling.
4. Streptomyces is the most well-known genus within Actinomycetes, widely studied for its antibiotic-producing capabilities.
5. Actinomycetes can also produce secondary metabolites that have antifungal, antiviral, and anticancer properties.

Review Questions

• What percentage of naturally derived antibiotics are produced by Actinomycetes?
• Describe the growth pattern of Actinomycetes and how it compares to other bacteria.
• Name one important genus within Actinomycetes and mention its significance.

Related terms

Antibiotics: Compounds produced by microorganisms that inhibit the growth of or kill other microorganisms.

Filamentous Growth: A type of growth where cells form long thread-like structures called filaments.

Streptomyces: A genus of Actinomycetes known for its prolific production of antibiotics.