Piezoelectricity is the electric charge that accumulates in certain materials in response to applied mechanical stress. This property allows materials to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy and vice versa, which is crucial for various applications in sensors, actuators, and other devices. Understanding piezoelectricity requires a deep look into the symmetry properties of crystal structures, especially their point groups and site symmetries, which dictate the conditions under which piezoelectric effects can occur.
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