The law of total probability is a fundamental principle in probability theory that relates the probability of an event to the probabilities of that event occurring under various conditions. It essentially states that if you have a partition of the sample space into disjoint events, the total probability of an event can be calculated by summing the probabilities of that event given each partitioned condition, multiplied by the probability of each condition. This concept helps connect different scenarios and aids in calculating probabilities for complex situations.
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