The Last Supper

Definition

The Last Supper is a famous mural painting created by Leonardo da Vinci in the late 15th century, depicting the final meal Jesus shared with his disciples before his crucifixion. This artwork captures a pivotal moment in Christian theology, showcasing the emotions and reactions of the disciples as Jesus announces that one of them will betray him, embodying key themes of loyalty, betrayal, and divine sacrifice.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. 'The Last Supper' is located in the convent of Santa Maria delle Grazie in Milan, Italy, and has undergone several restoration efforts due to its deterioration over time.
2. Leonardo's composition uses perspective techniques to draw the viewer's eye towards the central figure of Jesus, emphasizing his importance in the scene.
3. This artwork is considered a quintessential example of Renaissance art due to its innovative use of space, human emotion, and narrative depth.
4. The painting portrays each disciple's unique reaction to Jesus' announcement, making it a study of human psychology and group dynamics.
5. In addition to its artistic significance, 'The Last Supper' has influenced countless works of art, literature, and popular culture over the centuries.

Review Questions

• How does 'The Last Supper' reflect the key characteristics of Renaissance art?
  • 'The Last Supper' exemplifies Renaissance art through its use of linear perspective, which draws viewers into the scene, creating a sense of depth. Additionally, Leonardo's focus on human emotion and individual expression among the disciples showcases the period's shift toward humanism. The careful attention to details and naturalism in the figures further highlights the mastery of Renaissance artists in portraying realism.
• Discuss the significance of composition and perspective in 'The Last Supper' and how they contribute to its overall impact.
  • In 'The Last Supper', Leonardo employs a balanced composition that places Jesus at the center, making him the focal point. The use of one-point perspective directs the viewer’s gaze towards him, creating a dramatic emphasis on his figure. This arrangement enhances the narrative tension as it captures the emotional responses of each disciple while reinforcing Jesus’ central role in the moment.
• Evaluate the cultural and theological implications of 'The Last Supper' within the context of Italian Renaissance society.
  • 'The Last Supper' holds significant cultural and theological implications as it encapsulates key Christian beliefs about sacrifice and redemption during a time when religious thought was evolving. Its portrayal of betrayal serves as a poignant reminder of moral struggles faced by individuals. Additionally, the painting reflects Renaissance society's emphasis on human emotion and individual experience, bridging spiritual beliefs with everyday life and inspiring both admiration and contemplation throughout history.

Related terms

Renaissance Art: A cultural movement that began in Italy in the 14th century, marked by a revival of classical learning, humanism, and a focus on realistic representation in art.

Fresco: A technique of mural painting on wet plaster, allowing colors to become an integral part of the wall surface; however, 'The Last Supper' was painted using a tempera on dry plaster method.

Iconography: The visual images and symbols used in a work of art that convey specific meanings or themes; in 'The Last Supper', elements like bread and wine symbolize the body and blood of Christ.