Satirical novel

Definition

A satirical novel is a work of fiction that uses humor, irony, exaggeration, or ridicule to criticize and expose the flaws in individuals, society, or institutions. This genre often employs a comedic tone to engage readers while simultaneously prompting them to reflect on serious social issues, making it a powerful tool for commentary. Satirical novels frequently draw on elements of parody and caricature to highlight contradictions and absurdities within the subjects they address.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Henry Fielding's 'Joseph Andrews' is one of the earliest examples of a satirical novel, using humor to critique the moral standards of 18th-century society.
2. 'Joseph Andrews' parodies the popular picaresque novel format while addressing themes of virtue, hypocrisy, and social class through its characters' misadventures.
3. The novel features a character named Parson Adams who embodies genuine virtue, contrasting with other characters who represent societal corruption and hypocrisy.
4. 'Joseph Andrews' utilizes comic situations and character interactions to satirize the absurdity of romantic ideals and social pretensions prevalent during Fielding's time.
5. Fielding's use of self-referential humor invites readers to question the narrative structure and conventions of the novel itself, making it a meta-satire.

Review Questions

• How does 'Joseph Andrews' utilize irony as a key element in its satirical approach?
  • 'Joseph Andrews' employs irony by presenting situations where characters' actions contradict their stated beliefs or societal expectations. For example, characters claiming moral superiority often reveal their own shortcomings through their behaviors. This ironic contrast highlights the hypocrisy prevalent in 18th-century society, allowing readers to see the flaws in both individual characters and broader societal norms.
• In what ways does Fielding's 'Joseph Andrews' serve as a parody of the picaresque novel genre?
  • 'Joseph Andrews' parodies the conventions of the picaresque novel by presenting a protagonist who embarks on misadventures but ultimately champions moral integrity. Unlike traditional picaresque heroes who are often morally ambiguous or self-serving, Joseph's journey is marked by genuine virtue. Fielding exaggerates common tropes within the genre—such as the rogue hero and episodic plot structure—to expose their limitations and comment on societal values.
• Analyze how 'Joseph Andrews' critiques social class and moral standards through its satirical elements and character development.
  • 'Joseph Andrews' critiques social class by juxtaposing characters from different social backgrounds, showcasing how virtue is not tied to wealth or status. Through Parson Adams, who represents true moral integrity despite his lower social standing, Fielding challenges prevailing notions that equate honor with social rank. The various characters Joseph encounters reveal the absurdities and failings of the upper class, exposing how superficial values lead to moral corruption. This analysis encourages readers to reconsider societal hierarchies and morality beyond mere class distinctions.

Related terms

Irony: A literary device where the intended meaning is opposite to the literal meaning, often used in satire to emphasize discrepancies between reality and expectations.

Parody: A humorous or satirical imitation of a particular style, genre, or work, designed to comment on or criticize the original.

Caricature: An exaggerated portrayal of a person or group, often used in satire to highlight their most notable traits and critique societal norms.