Chaucer's England

Definition

Chaucer's England refers to the social, political, and cultural landscape of 14th century England during the life of Geoffrey Chaucer, often considered the father of English literature. This period was marked by significant developments, such as the rise of the English language in literature, the influence of the church, and a growing middle class, which are all evident in Chaucer's works, including 'Troilus and Criseyde'.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Chaucer lived through the latter part of the 14th century, a time characterized by political instability due to events like the Peasants' Revolt in 1381.
2. The English language began to gain prestige during this period, with Chaucer's use of Middle English helping to elevate its status among literate audiences.
3. Chaucer's works reflect a diverse range of social classes, from nobility to peasants, showcasing the complexities of life in his time.
4. The Catholic Church held significant power in Chaucer's England, which influenced moral and ethical discussions within his literary works.
5. Chaucer often employed satire in 'Troilus and Criseyde' to comment on courtly love and societal norms, reflecting contemporary attitudes and values.

Review Questions

• How did the social hierarchy of Chaucer's England influence his portrayal of characters in 'Troilus and Criseyde'?
  • In 'Troilus and Criseyde', Chaucer portrays a range of characters from different social classes, reflecting the feudal structure of 14th century England. The interactions between nobility and common folk highlight societal norms and values. This portrayal serves to comment on the rigid class distinctions and the dynamics of love and power within those structures, illustrating how these relationships were shaped by one's position in society.
• Discuss how events like the Black Death and the Hundred Years' War shaped the cultural context of Chaucer's England as seen in his works.
  • The Black Death drastically reduced the population of England, leading to labor shortages that empowered surviving workers and shifted social dynamics. Meanwhile, the Hundred Years' War created an atmosphere of conflict that influenced national identity. These events are reflected in Chaucer's works, where themes of mortality, class struggle, and evolving social roles can be seen, illustrating how literature responded to contemporary crises.
• Evaluate how Chaucer’s use of satire in 'Troilus and Criseyde' reflects the political and religious climate of his time.
  • Chaucer’s use of satire in 'Troilus and Criseyde' serves as a critique of both the political instability and moral ambiguities present in 14th century England. By highlighting the flaws and follies of courtly love through his characters’ experiences, he comments on societal expectations shaped by both noble ideals and church doctrine. This dual critique not only entertains but also prompts readers to reflect on their own society’s values and challenges amidst a backdrop of political unrest and religious authority.

Related terms

The Hundred Years' War: A series of conflicts between England and France from 1337 to 1453 that affected social structures and the economy in Chaucer's England.

Feudalism: The dominant social system in medieval England, where land was held by nobles in exchange for service, significantly influencing societal roles during Chaucer's time.

The Black Death: A devastating plague that struck Europe in the mid-14th century, leading to significant demographic and economic changes in England, impacting social dynamics depicted in Chaucer's writings.