Things Fall Apart

Definition

'Things Fall Apart' is a novel written by Chinua Achebe that was published in 1958, often regarded as one of the foundational works of postcolonial literature. The story explores the life of Okonkwo, a respected leader in the Igbo community, and the disruptions caused by British colonialism and Christian missionaries. The novel illustrates the clash between traditional Igbo culture and the forces of colonialism, serving as a powerful commentary on the impact of European colonization on African societies.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. 'Things Fall Apart' is often cited as the first African novel written in English that achieved worldwide recognition.
2. The character Okonkwo symbolizes the struggle against change and represents traditional values threatened by colonial forces.
3. Achebe employs proverbs and folktales throughout the narrative to reflect Igbo culture and oral tradition.
4. The novel is structured in three parts: Okonkwo's rise to prominence, the arrival of colonial powers, and the eventual disintegration of his world.
5. Achebe's portrayal of women in 'Things Fall Apart' highlights both their roles within traditional society and their marginalization under colonial rule.

Review Questions

• How does Achebe depict the conflict between traditional Igbo culture and British colonialism in 'Things Fall Apart'?
  • Achebe vividly illustrates the conflict through Okonkwo's personal struggles and the broader societal changes that occur with the arrival of British colonizers. The clash is portrayed through key events such as the introduction of Christianity and new governance systems that disrupt established norms. By focusing on both Okonkwo's individual resistance to change and the community's gradual shift, Achebe emphasizes how colonialism threatens not just personal identity but also cultural integrity.
• Analyze how 'Things Fall Apart' serves as a critique of both colonialism and traditional Igbo society.
  • 'Things Fall Apart' critiques colonialism by highlighting its destructive impact on indigenous cultures and identities while also examining internal conflicts within Igbo society. Achebe portrays traditional customs as complex and multifaceted, showcasing both their strengths and weaknesses. This dual critique suggests that while colonial powers impose their values, there are also inherent issues within pre-colonial societies that need addressing, creating a nuanced portrayal of both sides.
• Evaluate how Achebe’s use of language and narrative structure enhances the themes present in 'Things Fall Apart'.
  • Achebe’s use of language enriches the storytelling by incorporating proverbs, folktales, and cultural references that reflect Igbo oral tradition. This linguistic style not only grounds readers in the cultural context but also adds layers to themes such as identity, change, and resistance. The narrative structure, divided into three distinct parts, mirrors Okonkwo’s personal decline alongside the disintegration of his community. This alignment amplifies the themes of loss and transformation, making the impact of colonialism deeply resonant.

Related terms

Postcolonialism: 'Postcolonialism' refers to the academic study of the cultural, political, and social legacies left by colonial rule, focusing on how colonized societies respond to and resist colonial influences.

Igbo Culture: 'Igbo Culture' pertains to the customs, beliefs, and practices of the Igbo people of Nigeria, emphasizing community values, traditions, and social structures that are depicted throughout Achebe's work.

Chinua Achebe: 'Chinua Achebe' was a Nigerian novelist and critic best known for his novel 'Things Fall Apart,' which challenged Western perceptions of African cultures and became a key figure in postcolonial literature.