The Picture of Dorian Gray

Definition

The Picture of Dorian Gray is a novel written by Oscar Wilde, first published in 1890, that explores themes of aestheticism, moral duplicity, and the relationship between beauty and corruption. The story follows Dorian Gray, a young man whose portrait ages while he remains youthful and beautiful, leading him down a path of hedonism and self-destruction as he becomes increasingly obsessed with maintaining his outward appearance.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The novel reflects Wilde's views on the superficial nature of society, where appearance often trumps morality.
2. Dorian's wish for eternal youth and beauty becomes a central theme, leading to his moral decline as he pursues a life of indulgence.
3. The character of Lord Henry Wotton serves as a catalyst for Dorian's transformation, embodying the hedonistic ideals of the time.
4. The portrait acts as a physical representation of Dorian's soul, illustrating the consequences of a life lived without accountability.
5. Wilde's novel faced significant controversy upon its release due to its exploration of taboo subjects like homosexuality and moral ambiguity.

Review Questions

• How does Oscar Wilde use Dorian Gray's character to reflect the principles of aestheticism?
  • Oscar Wilde presents Dorian Gray as a representation of aestheticism through his obsession with beauty and sensory experiences. Influenced by Lord Henry Wotton, Dorian pursues a life dedicated to pleasure and external appearances, illustrating how aestheticism can lead to moral decay. As Dorian indulges in hedonistic pursuits without regard for the consequences, Wilde critiques the dangers of prioritizing artifice over ethical responsibility.
• Discuss the role of the portrait in 'The Picture of Dorian Gray' and how it symbolizes Dorian's inner turmoil.
  • The portrait in 'The Picture of Dorian Gray' serves as a powerful symbol of Dorian's inner turmoil and moral corruption. While Dorian remains outwardly youthful and beautiful, the painting reflects his deteriorating soul as he engages in increasingly immoral acts. This duality highlights the conflict between appearance and reality, showing how Dorian's choices ultimately lead to his downfall as he grapples with guilt and the consequences of his lifestyle.
• Evaluate the significance of moral responsibility in 'The Picture of Dorian Gray,' considering its impact on both individual characters and society at large.
  • In 'The Picture of Dorian Gray,' moral responsibility plays a crucial role in shaping the fates of both individual characters and society. Dorian's rejection of ethical accountability leads to his eventual destruction, showcasing the dangers of living a life devoid of conscience. Wilde uses Dorian's descent into depravity as a commentary on societal values, suggesting that neglecting moral responsibility can result in broader social decay. The novel prompts readers to reflect on their own ethical obligations in pursuit of beauty and pleasure.

Related terms

Aestheticism: A literary and artistic movement that prioritized beauty and sensory experience over moral or social themes, emphasizing the idea that art should exist for its own sake.

Hedonism: A philosophical theory that suggests pleasure or happiness is the highest good and proper aim of human life, often associated with indulgence in sensual pleasures.

Moral Responsibility: The obligation to act ethically and consider the consequences of one's actions, especially in relation to the impact on others and society.