Military subordination

Definition

Military subordination refers to the principle that the armed forces operate under the authority and control of civilian leadership in a democratic society. This relationship ensures that military actions and policies align with the interests and will of the civilian population, preventing military coups or undue influence on governance.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. In democratic contexts, military subordination is essential to prevent military leaders from acting independently or against civilian interests.
2. Successful military subordination fosters trust between the armed forces and the public, reinforcing legitimacy in democratic institutions.
3. Countries with strong military subordination tend to experience fewer coups and greater political stability compared to those with weak civilian control.
4. The process of establishing military subordination often involves reforms in military education and training to emphasize loyalty to democratic values.
5. Challenges to military subordination can arise from internal divisions within the military or external pressures, threatening the balance of power in a democracy.

Review Questions

• How does military subordination contribute to maintaining democracy in a society?
  • Military subordination plays a crucial role in preserving democracy by ensuring that armed forces are accountable to elected civilian leaders rather than operating independently. This relationship prevents military coups and protects against potential abuses of power by the military. When the military recognizes its subordinate position, it reinforces democratic governance, ensuring that policies reflect the will of the people and upholding civil liberties.
• What are some historical examples where a lack of military subordination led to political instability?
  • Historically, countries like Chile during the 1973 coup saw significant political instability due to a lack of military subordination. The military acted independently of civilian control, overthrowing a democratically elected government. In contrast, nations that have successfully maintained military subordination, like Costa Rica, enjoy relative political stability and strong democratic institutions, demonstrating the importance of civilian oversight over military power.
• Evaluate the implications of weak military subordination on civil-military relations in emerging democracies.
  • Weak military subordination in emerging democracies can lead to detrimental consequences for civil-military relations. Without clear civilian authority, militaries may become politicized or attempt to influence governance, risking a return to authoritarianism. This situation undermines public trust in both the government and military institutions, potentially inciting conflict between civilian leaders and military factions. Establishing strong frameworks for military subordination is vital for fostering resilient democracies and ensuring respect for human rights.

Related terms

Civilian Control: The concept that elected officials and civilians hold authority over military decisions, maintaining democratic governance.

Military Coup: An illegal seizure of power by the military, often undermining democratic processes and civilian authority.

Democratic Governance: A system of government in which power is vested in the people, typically through elected representatives, and characterized by principles like accountability and rule of law.