Sikhism

Definition

Sikhism is a monotheistic religion founded in the Punjab region of South Asia in the late 15th century by Guru Nanak and subsequently shaped by nine other Gurus. It emphasizes equality, community service, and devotion to one God, and it plays a significant role in the cultural and religious landscape of South and Southeast Asia.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Sikhism arose in the 15th century as a response to the social and religious conditions of the time, aiming to blend elements from both Hinduism and Islam.
2. The core beliefs of Sikhism include belief in one God (Ik Onkar), the importance of living a truthful life, and selfless service to humanity.
3. Sikh places of worship, called Gurdwaras, are open to people of all backgrounds and emphasize community service through practices like Langar, where free meals are served to all visitors.
4. The Sikh holy scripture, the Guru Granth Sahib, is considered the eternal Guru by Sikhs and is treated with great respect and reverence.
5. The Sikh population is primarily concentrated in India, particularly in Punjab, but there are significant communities in countries like Canada, the UK, and the USA due to migration.

Review Questions

• How does Sikhism's emphasis on community service reflect its core beliefs?
  • Sikhism's core beliefs center around equality, devotion to one God, and selfless service. This is reflected in practices like Langar, where all individuals are served meals regardless of their background. Such practices reinforce the idea that everyone is equal before God and promote social cohesion within the community. By engaging in community service, Sikhs live out their belief that serving humanity is a form of worship.
• Discuss the significance of the Gurus in shaping Sikh teachings and practices throughout history.
  • The ten Gurus played a crucial role in developing Sikh teachings and practices over time. Each Guru contributed unique insights that addressed the spiritual needs of their followers while responding to contemporary societal issues. The teachings laid down by these Gurus form the foundation of Sikh beliefs and ethics. The final Guru, Guru Gobind Singh, emphasized concepts such as equality and justice while establishing the Khalsa community, further solidifying the importance of active participation in both spiritual life and social responsibility.
• Evaluate how Sikhism interacts with other religions in South Asia and its impact on interfaith relations.
  • Sikhism interacts with other religions such as Hinduism and Islam through shared beliefs like monotheism and values like compassion. Its founding principles were influenced by the socio-religious context of South Asia during its inception. This interaction has historically led to both conflict and cooperation among different faiths. Today, Sikhism promotes dialogue and understanding among diverse religious communities, emphasizing universal values such as equality and service. By actively engaging with other faiths, Sikhs contribute to a broader narrative of harmony within South Asian society.

Related terms

Guru: A spiritual teacher or guide in Sikhism; the ten Gurus are central figures in the religion, with Guru Nanak as the founder.

Khalsa: The community of initiated Sikhs, established by Guru Gobind Singh, which emphasizes discipline, equality, and social justice.

Gurdwara: A place of worship in Sikhism where congregational prayers take place and the Guru Granth Sahib is revered.