Treasury of Atreus

Definition

The Treasury of Atreus, also known as the Tomb of Agamemnon, is a large beehive-shaped tomb located at Mycenae, Greece, and is one of the most significant examples of Mycenaean architecture. Constructed around 1250 BCE, it showcases advanced engineering techniques and is notable for its grand entrance and impressive corbelled dome. This site highlights the wealth and power of the Mycenaean civilization, particularly its elite class.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Treasury of Atreus is approximately 14.5 meters high and has a diameter of about 14.6 meters at its widest point, making it one of the largest known tholos tombs.
2. The entrance to the tomb features a massive lintel stone weighing around 120 tons, which is one of the largest stone blocks used in Greek architecture.
3. Inside the Treasury, the corbelled dome was constructed using a technique where stones are layered progressively inward, resulting in a circular ceiling that creates an impressive visual effect.
4. The tomb is attributed to Agamemnon due to its connection with later Greek mythology, although there is no definitive evidence linking him directly to this structure.
5. The elaborate design and construction techniques used in the Treasury reflect the social hierarchy and wealth of Mycenaean society during its peak.

Review Questions

• How does the architectural design of the Treasury of Atreus reflect the technological advancements of Mycenaean civilization?
  • The architectural design of the Treasury of Atreus demonstrates significant technological advancements through its use of corbelled arches and massive stone construction. The beehive shape allows for a large interior space without the need for columns, showcasing their understanding of engineering principles. The use of a massive lintel over the entrance further emphasizes their ability to work with large stones, which not only served a structural purpose but also conveyed a sense of power and prestige associated with elite burials.
• Discuss the cultural significance of the Treasury of Atreus within the context of Mycenaean society and its elite.
  • The Treasury of Atreus holds immense cultural significance as it represents the social stratification within Mycenaean society. The grandeur of the tomb reflects the wealth and power of its occupants, likely belonging to the elite class. The elaborate design and construction suggest that burial practices were closely tied to status, as these monumental tombs served as both final resting places and symbols of legacy. Additionally, connections to Greek mythology, particularly through Agamemnon, enhance its cultural importance by linking it to narratives that shaped later Greek identity.
• Evaluate the impact of discoveries at the Treasury of Atreus on our understanding of Mycenaean civilization and its historical context.
  • Discoveries at the Treasury of Atreus have significantly impacted our understanding of Mycenaean civilization by providing insights into their architectural capabilities and social organization. The scale and sophistication of this tomb suggest that Mycenaeans had advanced construction techniques and a highly stratified society focused on monumental architecture as a means to display power. These findings allow historians to reconstruct aspects of their culture, trade networks, and political structures, illustrating how such monumental sites played a role in shaping both regional influence and historical narratives in ancient Greece.

Related terms

Mycenaean Civilization: An ancient civilization that flourished in Greece during the Late Bronze Age, known for its palatial states, advanced art, and involvement in trade and warfare.

Corbel Arch: A structural element that consists of a series of overlapping stones or bricks, used to create a roof or arch by supporting the weight above.

Cyclopean Walls: Massive stone walls built using large limestone boulders, characteristic of Mycenaean fortifications and named after the mythical Cyclopes believed to have constructed them.