Theorems

Definition

Theorems are statements or propositions that have been proven to be true based on previously established statements, such as other theorems, axioms, or definitions. They serve as fundamental building blocks in mathematical reasoning, allowing for the derivation of new results and insights in economics and other fields.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Theorems often play a crucial role in economic modeling, helping to establish relationships between variables and guiding decision-making.
2. To prove a theorem, mathematicians typically rely on rigorous logical reasoning and established principles from mathematics.
3. Theorems can vary in complexity, ranging from simple propositions to intricate statements that require extensive proofs.
4. Once a theorem is proven, it becomes a part of the established body of mathematical knowledge and can be used in future research.
5. Famous theorems in economics, like the First Welfare Theorem, provide foundational insights into market efficiency and resource allocation.

Review Questions

• How do theorems contribute to the development of economic models and theories?
  • Theorems contribute significantly to the development of economic models by providing a solid foundation for understanding relationships between different economic variables. They help economists establish valid conclusions and predictions based on logical reasoning. By utilizing proven theorems, economists can derive insights that guide policy-making and improve decision-making processes within various economic frameworks.
• Discuss the role of axioms in relation to theorems within mathematical proofs.
  • Axioms serve as the foundational building blocks upon which theorems are built. They are accepted truths that do not require proof and provide the necessary starting points for logical reasoning. In mathematical proofs, theorems are derived from axioms through a series of logical steps, demonstrating how conclusions can be reached based on established premises. This relationship underscores the importance of both axioms and theorems in constructing coherent mathematical arguments.
• Evaluate how the establishment of key theorems has transformed economic theory and practice over time.
  • The establishment of key theorems has significantly transformed economic theory and practice by providing clear frameworks for understanding complex economic interactions. Theorems like the Second Welfare Theorem have shifted perspectives on market efficiency and equity, enabling economists to analyze policy implications more effectively. Over time, these advancements have not only influenced academic research but have also impacted real-world economic policies, ultimately shaping how governments approach issues like taxation, resource allocation, and regulation.

Related terms

Axioms: Axioms are basic assumptions or self-evident truths that serve as the foundation for further reasoning and arguments in mathematics.

Proofs: Proofs are logical arguments that demonstrate the truth of a theorem using a series of deductive steps based on axioms and previously established results.

Corollaries: Corollaries are propositions that follow with little or no additional proof from a theorem that has already been proven.