A defense of common sense

Definition

A defense of common sense is an epistemological stance that argues for the validity of our everyday beliefs and intuitions as a foundation for knowledge. This approach counters skepticism by asserting that certain basic truths about the world are self-evident and should be accepted unless there is strong reason to doubt them. This perspective is closely tied to the ideas presented by philosophers who emphasize practical knowledge and the reliability of common beliefs.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. G.E. Moore is a key figure in defending common sense, famously using examples like the existence of hands to illustrate self-evident truths.
2. Moore's argument highlights that many ordinary beliefs are more credible than skeptical challenges because they align with our lived experiences.
3. The defense of common sense often emphasizes a rejection of radical skepticism, proposing that some beliefs are foundational and should not require further justification.
4. Common sense philosophy argues that certain truths are universally shared and understood, which makes them a reliable basis for knowledge.
5. This approach has influenced contemporary epistemology, particularly in discussions surrounding contextualism, which considers how context impacts our understanding of knowledge claims.

Review Questions

• How does G.E. Moore's defense of common sense challenge skeptical views on knowledge?
  • G.E. Moore's defense of common sense counters skepticism by presenting everyday beliefs as reliable foundations for knowledge. He argues that certain truths, such as the existence of hands, are so evident that they should be accepted without doubt. By focusing on these self-evident beliefs, Moore demonstrates that skepticism often overlooks the validity of our intuitive knowledge gained through experience.
• In what ways does the concept of contextualism relate to the defense of common sense?
  • Contextualism is connected to the defense of common sense by recognizing how our knowledge claims can vary depending on contextual factors. While defending common sense emphasizes certain foundational truths, contextualism acknowledges that the standards for what counts as knowledge may shift based on circumstances. This means that common sense beliefs may be more credible in specific contexts where they are reinforced by shared understanding and practical application.
• Evaluate the implications of defending common sense on modern epistemological debates about knowledge and belief.
  • Defending common sense has significant implications for modern epistemological debates, especially regarding skepticism and relativism. It suggests that we can trust our intuitive knowledge as a starting point for understanding the world, challenging extreme forms of skepticism that deny any certainty. This stance invites further exploration into how shared beliefs can serve as a foundation for collective knowledge, prompting discussions about the reliability of intuition and the nature of belief in various contexts.

Related terms

Skepticism: A philosophical view questioning the possibility of certain knowledge, often challenging the reliability of our beliefs and perceptions.

Pragmatism: A philosophical movement that evaluates theories or beliefs in terms of their practical applications and successes, emphasizing action over abstract principles.

Intuition: The ability to understand something instinctively without the need for conscious reasoning, often used in arguments supporting common sense beliefs.