Crito

Definition

Crito is a dialogue written by Plato that features a conversation between Socrates and his friend Crito, discussing justice, morality, and the nature of the social contract. This work is significant as it illustrates Socrates' philosophical views on life, death, and the obligation to adhere to one's principles, even in the face of death. The dialogue takes place in Socrates' prison cell after his sentencing, emphasizing themes of loyalty, friendship, and the importance of living a just life.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. In Crito, Socrates argues that it is wrong to repay injustice with injustice, emphasizing his commitment to moral integrity.
2. The dialogue explores the concept of civic duty, with Socrates suggesting that escaping from prison would undermine the laws of Athens.
3. Crito presents strong emotional appeals to persuade Socrates to escape, but Socrates remains steadfast in his principles.
4. The conversation raises questions about whether it is ever justifiable to disobey the law, highlighting the tension between individual conscience and societal rules.
5. Ultimately, Crito serves as an important reflection on Socratic philosophy, illustrating how Socrates prioritizes ethical considerations over personal safety.

Review Questions

• How does Crito reflect Socrates' views on justice and morality?
  • Crito reflects Socrates' views by showcasing his belief that justice must not be compromised for personal gain or safety. Throughout their conversation, Socrates maintains that one must act justly according to moral principles, even when faced with dire consequences. He argues that escaping from prison would not only be unjust but would also betray the very principles he has lived by, demonstrating his commitment to ethical conduct over self-preservation.
• Discuss the significance of Crito's emotional appeals and how they contrast with Socratic reasoning in their dialogue.
  • Crito's emotional appeals serve as a stark contrast to Socratic reasoning by illustrating the tension between human emotions and philosophical ideals. While Crito is motivated by friendship and fear of losing Socrates, Socrates counters with logical arguments rooted in ethical considerations. This dynamic highlights how emotional responses can cloud judgment and lead individuals away from their moral obligations, ultimately reinforcing Socratic thought that true wisdom requires prioritizing reason over feelings.
• Evaluate how Crito contributes to the broader understanding of social contract theory as articulated through Socratic philosophy.
  • Crito contributes to social contract theory by presenting a scenario where an individual's obligations to society are examined through a philosophical lens. Socrates' refusal to escape emphasizes the importance of abiding by societal laws, illustrating how individuals implicitly consent to the rules of their community in exchange for protection and order. This dialogue invites deeper reflection on the nature of authority and individual rights, demonstrating that true citizenship involves fulfilling one's duties even when they conflict with personal desires.

Related terms

Socratic Method: A form of cooperative argumentative dialogue that stimulates critical thinking and illuminates ideas through questioning.

Philosophical Ethics: The study of what is right and wrong in human conduct and the moral principles that govern behavior.

Social Contract Theory: A concept in political philosophy that examines the legitimacy of the authority of the state over the individual based on mutual agreement.